[Mikorist]

What are most internet sites that host DNS using for their DNS? Are they using Microsoft DNS?

microsoft.com runs Linux?

What an Akamaized page looks like?

Suppose you enter CNN.com - Breaking News, U.S., World, Weather, Entertainment & Video News in your browser. This fetches the index.html file from the cnn server. In that file there will be images which will be pointing to the Akamai servers. Those URLs look like

http://a388.g.akamaitech.net/7/388/21/fc35...000/ad.info.gif
http://a1380.g.akamaitech.net/7/1380/175/0...age/catalog.gif
http://a620.g.akamai.net/7/620/16/259fdbf4...rn_more_off.gif


* The number after "a", I think, identifies the customer. So 388 is cnn, 1380 is jcpenny and 620 is computer.com. Note that it is crucial to have different machine name for each customer as will become clear later.
* I am not sure what 7 stands for but it was present in almost of the Akamaized URLs I saw.
* Next is again the customer identifier.
* What the following two identifiers (21 and fade2068e7503e for cnn) represent is not fully clear. A plausible explanation (courtesy Neal Cardwell) is that the 14 digit hex strings are checksums of the content that path refers to. That way the name always changes if the content changes so the akamai caches at the edge don't have to worry about consistency or freshness.

* * update (courtesy John Jacob): The hex string is created using "md5sum [file_name] | cut -c3-16". It can also be replaced by a cache time-to -live value like "1d" for one day, and "15m" for 15 mins. Next is the customer url itself. The path after that is identical to the path on the customer machine. So the above jcpenny URL and "www1.jcpenney.com/images/homepagev4/homepage/catalog.gif" lead to the same gif.

From: How Akamai Works


:~$ telnet Microsoft Corporation http
Trying 207.46.193.254...
Connected to lb1.www.ms.akadns.net.
Escape character is '^]'.

or

$ host -tAAAA Microsoft Corporation
Microsoft Corporation is an alias for toggle.www.ms.akadns.net.
toggle.www.ms.akadns.net is an alias for g.www.ms.akadns.net.
g.www.ms.akadns.net is an alias for lb1.www.ms.akadns.net.
$ host -tAAAA lb1.www.ms.akadns.net
lb1.www.ms.akadns.net has no AAAA record



Look : lb1.www.ms.akadns.net

Robotex & Netcraft are reporting Microsoft Corporation running the “impossible” combination of the Linux operating system and Microsoft-IIS/7.0 web server.

Look :Netcraft What's That Site Running Results


Akadns.net - Aka Dns


Registrant Search: "Akamai Technologies, Inc." owns about 982 other domains
Email Search: is associated with about 963 domains
is associated with about 699 domains



Akamai provides an internet-wide caching system, which can act as a symmetric defence to distributed denial of service attacks. Just as a denial of service attack funnels traffic from many different points to a single destination, Akamai's DNS servers multiplex requests for a specific hostname to the nearest point to each attacking machine in its global caching system, diminishing the effect of the attack by dividing the inbound requests amongst its many servers, and limiting the amount of DDoS traffic by localising the distance between attacker and target. Akamai presents a more challenging target for a DDoS than any single network, and would seem to be the best practical step where a distributed denial of service is directed at a hostname that the target organisation cannot reasonably take offline.

Akamai servers are running 15,000 Linux-based servers spread around the globe.
I just wanted to share a couple more things to add to the list of why I love using linux.

Everyone else had generic responses like “Apache”, “Apache (Unix)”, “Microsoft-IIS/7.0, or “Sun-ONE-Web-Server” or secret replies with a simple “Webserver” which is a front for Akamai.

We are seeing some positive signs around that ???

LOOK THIS LINK:


Microsoft Corporation

1.
:~$ lynx -dump -head Microsoft Corporation
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Connection: close
Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2008 20:04:37 GMT
Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
P3P: CP='ALL IND DSP COR ADM CONo CUR CUSo IVAo IVDo PSA PSD TAI TELo OUR SAMo C
NT COM INT NAV ONL PHY PRE PUR UNI'
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-UA-Compatible: IE=EmulateIE7
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
Location: Microsoft Corporation
Cache-Control: private
Content-Length: 0


2.
:~$ lynx -dump -head Microsoft Corporation
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Cache-Control: public
Content-Length: 15584
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Encoding: gzip
Expires: Wed, 03 Sep 2008 20:16:00 GMT
Last-Modified: Wed, 03 Sep 2008 16:52:27 GMT
ETag: 633560323470000000
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.0
X-AspNet-Version: 2.0.50727
P3P: CP="ALL IND DSP COR ADM CONo CUR CUSo IVAo IVDo PSA PSD TAI TELo OUR SAMo C
NT COM INT NAV ONL PHY PRE PUR UNI"
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
Date: Wed, 03 Sep 2008 20:05:59 GMT
Connection: keep-alive

1.Server: Microsoft-IIS/6.0
2.Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.0


Actually, I can't find anyone running IIS 6.0 and IIS7.0 in same time on same site????

Why I love using linux?

[Blackmirror]

That was interesting but too technical for me